《科学》（20240315出版）一周论文导读
编译｜冯维维
Science, 15 MAR 2024, VOLUME 383 ISSUE 6688
《科学》2024年3月15日，第383卷，6688期
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化学Chemistry
Reinforcing self-assembly of hole transport molecules for stable inverted perovskite solar cells
钙钛矿太阳能电池中空穴输运分子的增强自组装
▲ 作者：HONGCAI TANG, ZHICHAO SHEN, YANGZI SHEN, GE YAN, YANBO, QIFENG HAN, AND LIYUAN HAN
▲ 链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adj9602
▲ 摘要：
研究者使用原子层沉积来稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）中用作空穴传输层的自组装单层（SAM）。他们发现，在通过原子层沉积沉积额外的氧化铟后，SAMs在透明氧化铟锡电极上的锚定强度更强。
这些薄膜具有高覆盖率的强化学吸附羟基，通过三甲氧基硅烷基团结合SAM。在85℃的最大功率点跟踪下工作1200小时后，倒置PSCs保持了98%的功率转换效率。
▲ Abstract：
Atomic-layer deposition was used by Tang et al. to stabilize self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) used as the hole-transporter layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). They found that SAMs were anchored more strongly to the transparent indium tin oxide electrode after additional indium oxide was deposited by atomic-layer deposition. These films had a high coverage of strongly chemisorbed hydroxyl groups that bound the SAM through trimethoxysilane groups. Inverted PSCs maintained 98% of their power-conversion efficiency after operating at maximum power point tracking at 85°C for 1200 hours.
Electron injection and defect passivation for high-efficiency mesoporous perovskite solar cells
高效介孔钙钛矿太阳能电池的电子注入与缺陷钝化
▲ 作者：JIALE LIU, XIAYAN CHEN, KAIZHONG CHEN, WENMING TIAN, YUSONG SHENG, BIN SHE, YOUYU JIANG, DEYI ZHANG, YANG LIU, etc.
▲ 链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adk9089
▲ 摘要：
通过氧化钛界面缺陷钝化改进电子注入，提高了介孔钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率。在这些装置中，由碳、二氧化钛和填充钙钛矿的二氧化锆组成的层状介孔支架具有条带排列，可以在没有空穴传输层的情况下分离电荷。
研究者用磷酸铵钝化二氧化钛上的缺陷，改善电子注入。由此产生的电荷重组的减少将功率转换效率提高到22%左右。在55℃的最大功率点跟踪750小时后，设备保持了97%的初始效率。
▲ Abstract：
Improved electron injection through passivation of defects at the titanium oxide interface has boosted the efficiency of mesoporous perovskite solar cells. In these devices, a layered mesoporous scaffold of carbon, titanium dioxide, and zirconium dioxide filled with perovskite has a band alignment that separates charges without a hole-transporter layer. Liu et al. passivated defects on titanium dioxide with ammonium phosphate to improve electron injection. The resulting decrease in charge recombination boosted the power-conversion efficiency to about 22%. Devices maintained 97% of their initial efficiency after 750 hours of maximum power point tracking at 55°C.
A commercially viable solution process to control long-chain branching in polyethylene
商业上可行的控制聚乙烯长链分支的溶液工艺
▲ 作者：ROBERT D. FROESE, DANIEL J. ARRIOLA, JAAP DEN DOELDER, JIANBO HOU, TERESITA KASHYAP, KERAN LU, LUCA MARTINETTI, AND BRYAN D. STUBBERT
▲ 链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn3067
▲ 摘要：
低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）广泛应用于塑料薄膜和其他柔韧制品，其性质来自于分支分子结构，而非直分子结构，这需要一种能量密集的高压合成技术。研究者报告了一种在温和的溶液条件下实现长链分支的独特方法。
他们的催化剂可以同时组装两条链，通过使用少量的二烯和乙烯的混合物来连接，形成一个阶梯状的几何结构。所得塑料具有与LDPE相当的性能。
▲ Abstract：
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is widely applied in plastic films and other pliable products. It derives its properties from a branched rather than straight molecular structure, which requires an energy-intensive, high-pressure synthesis technique. Froese et al. report a distinct method to achieve long-chain branching under milder, solution-phase conditions. Their catalyst can assemble two chains at once, linked through the use of a small amount of diene mixed in with the ethylene, to create a ladder-like geometry. The resulting plastic has properties comparable to LDPE.
Two-dimensional materials by large-scale computations and chemical exfoliation of layered solids
二维材料的大规模计算和层状固体的化学剥落
▲ 作者：JONAS BJ?RK, JIE ZHOU, PER O. ?. PERSSON, AND JOHANNA ROSEN
▲ 链接：
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adj6556
▲ 摘要：
